The tumor located in the prostate is too small to be palpated during examination or located deep inside the prostate. Therefore, it cannot be detected during digital rectal examination. The patient is diagnosed after a biopsy necessitated by high level of PSA or a TURP operation performed to treat urinary tract obstruction.

Stage II in Prostate Cancer

The tumor is large enough to be felt during digital rectal examination, but it is still found only in the prostate.

Stage III in Prostate Cancer

The tumor has grown through the prostate capsule or into the seminal vesicles.

Stage IV in Prostate Cancer

This is the metastatic stage. It has metastasized and spread to the nearby tissues or distant organs, such as lungs and liver.

1. Treatments for localized prostate cancer

• Follow-up
• Surgical treatments: Radical prostatectomy
  • Open
  • Laparoscopic
  • Robot-assisted prostatectomy
• Radiotherapy
  • External Radiotherapy
    • IMRT
    • Brachytherapy
  • Cryotherapy
    • HIFU

2. Treatments for metastasized prostate cancer

• Hormonal therapy
• Chemotherapy